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Cancer Incidence in Asbestos-Exposed Workers: An Update on Four Finnish Cohorts
Pia Nynäs1, Eero Pukkala2,3, Harri Vainio4
1Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Tampere, Finland.
Safety and Health at Work
|June 9, 2017
Summary
Cancer risks from asbestos exposure vary significantly across different worker groups. Asbestos sprayers faced the highest risks for mesothelioma and lung cancer, indicating a potential dose-response relationship.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Environmental Epidemiology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Four Finnish asbestos-exposed worker cohorts were analyzed for cancer risks.
- Variations in asbestos exposure profiles and their impact on cancer risks were investigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess cancer risks in diverse asbestos-exposed populations.
- To explore dose-response relationships between asbestos exposure and cancer incidence.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Finnish Cancer Registry data up to 2012 for incident cancer cases.
- Included cohorts of asbestos mine workers, asbestosis patients, asbestos sprayers, and a screening study group.
Main Results:
- Standardized Incidence Ratios (SIR) for mesothelioma ranged from threefold to over 100-fold.
- Lung cancer SIR was twofold to tenfold in most cohorts, excluding the screening group.
- Asbestos sprayers exhibited the highest risk for both mesothelioma and lung cancer.
Conclusions:
- Mesothelioma risk remains high across all asbestos exposure types.
- Lower mesothelioma SIR in the screening cohort suggests a dose-response effect.
- Elevated lung cancer risk has largely subsided except in cohorts with heavy past exposure.
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