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Controlled current coulometry, also known as amperostatic coulometry, is a technique used in electrochemical analysis to measure the quantity of a substance through the controlled passage of current. It involves the application of a constant current to an electrochemical cell containing the analyte of interest. As the current flows through the cell, the analyte undergoes a redox reaction at the electrode surface, resulting in a charge transfer. By monitoring the time required for a certain...
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Coulometric titrations are a form of titrimetric analysis where the reagent is generated electrically, and its amount is evaluated based on current and generating time. The electron serves as the standard reagent. The procedure is similar to conventional titrations, such as endpoint detection.
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A Sensitive Photometric Procedure for Cobalt Determination in Water Employing a Compact Multicommuted Flow Analysis

Ticiane da Silva Magalhães1, Boaventura F Reis2

  • 11 Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.

Applied Spectroscopy
|June 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

A new multicommuted flow analysis method accurately determines cobalt in fresh water using a cost-effective spectrophotometric technique. This approach offers high sensitivity and a low detection limit for environmental monitoring.

Keywords:
Cobalt in waterLEDgreen chemistrylight-emitting-diode-based photometrymulticommuted flow analysisportable setup

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Cobalt (Co(II)) is an essential trace element, but its elevated levels can be detrimental.
  • Accurate and cost-effective methods for cobalt determination in fresh water are crucial for environmental monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel multicommuted flow analysis procedure for the spectrophotometric determination of cobalt in fresh water.
  • To create a downsized and cost-effective instrument setup for improved accessibility.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the catalytic effect of Co(II) on Tiron oxidation by hydrogen peroxide in an alkaline medium.
  • Employed a homemade light-emitting-diode (LED)-based photometer with a 100 mm flow cell for enhanced sensitivity.
  • Optimized flow system variables to adhere to the Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a linear range of 0.13–1.5 µg L⁻¹ for Co(II) determination.
  • Obtained a low detection limit of 0.06 µg L⁻¹ Co(II) with a relative standard deviation of 2.0%.
  • Demonstrated an analytical frequency of 42 samples per hour with minimal waste generation (1.5 mL/determination).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed multicommuted flow analysis method is sensitive, cost-effective, and suitable for determining cobalt in fresh water.
  • The downsized, LED-based instrument offers a practical solution for environmental analysis.
  • This method provides a reliable tool for monitoring cobalt levels in aquatic ecosystems.