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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

328
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
328
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

285
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
285
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

765
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
765
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

288
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
288
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

273
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
273
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

302
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
302

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Administration of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in Adolescent and Adult Mice
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Marijuana Use in the Elderly: Implications and Considerations.

Tracy D Mahvan, Michelle L Hilaire, Allison Mann

    The Consultant Pharmacist : the Journal of the American Society of Consultant Pharmacists
    |June 10, 2017
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Older adults should use marijuana cautiously due to potential side effects and interactions, especially with existing health conditions. Pharmacists are key in educating patients and healthcare providers on safe marijuana use in the elderly.

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    Area of Science:

    • Geriatric Pharmacology
    • Cannabinoid Therapeutics
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Marijuana use, both recreational and medical, is increasing among older adults.
    • Legalization of medical marijuana is expanding, necessitating clinical guidance.
    • The elderly population often presents with comorbidities and polypharmacy, complicating drug management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the existing literature on marijuana use in the elderly.
    • To identify key considerations and cautions for marijuana consumption in older adults.
    • To inform pharmacists about safe and effective geriatric marijuana use.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature search of PubMed and internet using terms related to marijuana, cannabinoids, and geriatrics.
    • Data collection focused on individuals aged 65 and older.
    • Analysis of available evidence on marijuana's impact on the geriatric population.

    Main Results:

    • Evidence suggests caution for elderly individuals using marijuana, particularly those with comorbidities.
    • Marijuana use can exacerbate central nervous system side effects due to polypharmacy.
    • Pharmacists have an expanding role in educating patients and providers on drug-drug and drug-disease interactions.

    Conclusions:

    • Pharmacists require updated information to guide marijuana use recommendations for older adults.
    • Monitoring therapy and adverse effects are crucial for geriatric patients using marijuana.
    • Legal aspects and challenges associated with marijuana use in the elderly need consideration.