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Updated: Mar 1, 2026
Author Spotlight: Assessing the Cardiovascular Profile of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Published on: September 27, 2024
Arterial function parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome and severe hypertriglyceridemia
Egidija Rinkūnienė1, Eglė Butkutė2, Roma Puronaitė3
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania; Experimental and Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Insights
Patients with metabolic syndrome and severe hypertriglyceridemia (hTG) show lower intima-media thickness (IMT) and aortic augmentation index (AIxHR75) but higher pulse wave velocity (PWV). Further research is needed to understand the arterial parameter connection.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Metabolic Disorders
- Vascular Physiology
Background:
- Hypertriglyceridemia (hTG) is a manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS).
- The cardiovascular risk associated with hTG has been historically unclear.
- This study investigates vascular changes in MetS patients with varying hTG levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate vascular structure and function in patients with MetS.
- To correlate different degrees of hypertriglyceridemia with specific vascular parameters.
- To assess the impact of hTG on arterial stiffness and remodeling.
Main Methods:
- 1938 MetS patients (40-65 years) were categorized into severe hTG (≥500 mg/dL), moderate hTG (200-499 mg/dL), and control (<150 mg/dL) groups.
- Noninvasive vascular assessments included aortic augmentation index (AIxHR75), pulse wave velocity (PWV), flow-mediated dilatation, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT).
- Triglyceride (TG) levels were measured to define study groups per NCEP ATP III guidelines.
Main Results:
- Severe hTG was present in 9.6% of patients (n=100), moderate hTG in 90.4% (n=941).
- Lower AIxHR75 and IMT were observed in the severe hTG group compared to moderate and control groups (P < .001).
- Higher mean arterial pressure, carotid-radial PWV, and carotid-femoral PWV were noted in hTG groups versus controls (P < .001 and P = .006). Flow-mediated dilatation showed no significant differences.
Conclusions:
- MetS patients with severe hTG exhibit distinct arterial characteristics: lower IMT and AIxHR75, and higher PWV and mean arterial pressure.
- These findings suggest a complex relationship between hTG severity and vascular health in MetS.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms linking arterial parameters and hTG.
Background:
Hypertriglyceridemia (hTG) is 1 of the dyslipidemia manifestations in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, for several decades, the role of hTG in cardiovascular risk was not well established.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess the parameters of the vascular structure and function in patients with MetS and different degree of hTG.
Methods:
Patients (aged 40-65 years) with MetS were divided into 3 groups by triglyceride (TG) levels according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Guidelines: severe hTG (TG ≥ 500 mg/dL), moderate hTG (TG 200-499 mg/dL), and a control (TG < 150 mg/dL) groups. Noninvasive assessment of vascular parameters (aortic augmentation index adjusted for heart rate 75 bpm [AixHR75], pulse wave velocity [PWV], flow-mediated dilatation, and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT)) were performed.
Results:
Among the 1938 patients analyzed, 1041 had hTG. Moderate hTG was observed in 90.40% (n = 941), whereas severe TG was observed in 9.6% (n = 100) of patients. Overall TG concentration was 231.17 ± 184.23 mg/dL; in severe hTG group, TG concentration was 795.36 ± 368.45 mg/dL, in moderate hTG group 285.20 ± 70.86 mg/dL, and 112.48 ± 24.80 mg/dL in control group. AIxHR75 and IMT were the lowest in the severe hTG group (P < .001 for both). Mean arterial pressure, carotid-radial PWV (9.25 ± 1.13 vs 9.24 ± 1.28 vs 8.91 ± 1.28; P < .001) as well as carotid-femoral PWV (8.63 ± 1.65 vs 8.75 ± 1.58 vs 8.51 ± 1.6; P = .006) were the higher in hTG groups compared with control. There were no significant differences between groups in flow-mediated dilatation (3.39 ± 2.01 vs 3.26 ± 2.43 vs 3.45 ± 2.61, P = .283).
Conclusions:
Patients with MetS and severe hTG have lower IMT and AIxHR75 and higher PWV and mean arterial pressure. Many factors could affect arterial parameters, and more research are needed to investigate arterial parameters and hTG connection.
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