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Human chromophobe cell renal carcinoma.
Virchows Archiv. B, Cell Pathology Including Molecular Pathology
|January 1, 1985
Summary
This study describes the first human cases of renal chromophobe cell tumors, a rare type of kidney cancer accounting for 2% of adult renal cell carcinomas. These tumors are distinct from clear cell carcinomas and may have a different prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) encompasses various subtypes, with clear cell RCC being the most common.
- Chromophobe cell tumors have been previously documented only in animal models.
- Accurate classification of RCC subtypes is crucial for understanding their distinct biological behavior and potential prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report the first documented cases of renal chromophobe cell carcinoma in humans.
- To characterize the light microscopic and ultrastructural features of these tumors.
- To differentiate chromophobe cell RCC from other RCC subtypes, particularly clear cell RCC.
Main Methods:
- Histopathological examination of twelve renal cell carcinomas composed exclusively of chromophobe cells.
- Staining with hematoxylin and eosin for light microscopy.
- Application of Hale's colloidal iron method and alcian blue staining for cytochemical differentiation.
- Electron microscopy to identify ultrastructural features such as vesicular structures and glycogen presence.
- Analysis of the frequency of these tumors within a larger cohort of adult RCCs.
Main Results:
- Twelve cases of renal chromophobe cell carcinoma were identified, representing approximately 2% of over 500 adult RCCs.
- Chromophobe cells exhibit opaque or finely reticular cytoplasm with distinct staining characteristics (Hale's positive, alcian blue weakly positive).
- Electron microscopy revealed characteristic vesicular structures and a slight, variable presence of glycogen.
- These tumors are morphologically and cytochemically distinct from clear cell (hypernephroid) RCC.
Conclusions:
- Renal chromophobe cell carcinoma is a distinct entity in human kidney cancer, previously unreported.
- The distinct cytological and ultrastructural features warrant its classification separate from clear cell RCC.
- Further research is needed to establish the prognosis and optimal management for renal chromophobe cell carcinoma.