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Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

In Vivo Gene Transfer to the Rabbit Common Carotid Artery Endothelium

In Vivo Gene Transfer to the Rabbit Common Carotid Artery Endothelium

Published on: May 6, 2018

Advances in vascular thiol isomerase function.

Robert Flaumenhaft¹

¹Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Current Opinion in Hematology

|June 10, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances reveal protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and other vascular thiol isomerases are key regulators of thrombus formation. Understanding their function offers new therapeutic targets for vascular diseases.

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Last Updated: Feb 28, 2026

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Published on: May 6, 2018

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Vascular Biology
Thrombosis Research

Background:

Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) was found to play a role in thrombus formation a decade ago.
Understanding of vascular thiol isomerases' contribution to thrombosis was limited initially.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in understanding vascular thiol isomerase function.
To highlight progress in the role of PDI in thrombosis.

Main Methods:

Investigated the structure-function relationship of PDI to identify critical domains for thrombus formation.
Studied mechanisms of thiol isomerase storage and release from platelets and endothelium.
Employed kinetic-based trapping to identify substrates modified by thiol isomerases during thrombus formation.
Developed novel thiol isomerase inhibitors for research and therapeutic applications.
Conducted human studies on circulating PDI levels and PDI inhibitor effects on thrombin generation.

Main Results:

Significant progress has been made in understanding PDI structure and function in thrombosis.
Mechanisms of thiol isomerase regulation within vascular cells have been elucidated.
New substrates and therapeutic inhibitors for vascular thiol isomerases have been identified.
Human studies provide insights into PDI's role in disease states and therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

Thiol isomerase-mediated disulfide bond modification is crucial for regulating thrombosis.
These modifications represent an important control mechanism in vascular function.
Vascular thiol isomerases are promising targets for therapeutic intervention in thrombotic disorders.