Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities01:22

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

6.2K
The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
6.2K
Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

1.6K
Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
1.6K
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

1.8K
Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
1.8K
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult01:21

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult

861
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, is a life-saving emergency procedure performed when a person's heart has stopped beating or they are no longer breathing. The foundation of CPR is Basic Life Support (BLS), which focuses on the early recognition of cardiac arrest, the immediate start of high-quality chest compressions, and the timely use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Assessing Responsiveness and Checking the Carotid PulseWhen approaching an unresponsive person, first ensure...
861
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

2.1K
The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like...
2.1K
Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

3.2K
Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Objectively Measured Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease Risk in Older Adults: Evidence from the Generation 100 Study.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise·2026
Same author

Perceived psychological stressors in female age-specific national team players.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

Toward Precision Cardiac Rehabilitation: Current Limitations and Future Opportunities of Omics and Artificial Intelligence.

Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)·2026
Same author

Physical activity patterns from mid- to late adulthood and risk of sarcopenia in older adults: the HUNT study.

BMC geriatrics·2026
Same author

Exercise Intensity and 5-Year Trajectories in Peak Oxygen Uptake in Older Adults: Analysis from the Generation 100 Study.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise·2026
Same author

Cardiorespiratory fitness and pain severity: Longitudinal associations from the general population-The HUNT study.

Pain reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
06:11

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults

Published on: February 9, 2022

6.5K

Cardiorespiratory Reference Data in Older Adults: The Generation 100 Study.

Dorthe Stensvold1, Silvana Bucher Sandbakk, Hallgeir Viken

  • 11K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NORWAY; 2Department of Cardiology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, NORWAY; 3Department of Thoracic Medicine, Clinic of Thoracic and Occupational Medicine, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, NORWAY; 4Department of Sociology and Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NORWAY; 5Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, NORWAY; 6Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NORWAY; 7Clinic for Clinical Services, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, NORWAY; and 8School of Human Movement & Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, AUSTRALIA.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|June 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study provides essential reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in older adults, including those with cardiovascular disease (CVD). These findings aid clinicians in interpreting cardiopulmonary exercise test data for this population.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies
08:44

Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.4K
Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise
07:09

Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise

Published on: February 20, 2017

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
06:11

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults

Published on: February 9, 2022

6.5K
Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies
08:44

Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.4K
Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise
07:09

Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise

Published on: February 20, 2017

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a critical clinical vital sign.
  • Limited data exists on CRF and cardiorespiratory function specifically in older adults.
  • Accurate reference values are crucial for all age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish normative values for CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults (70-77 years).
  • To include individuals with a history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the reference data.
  • To provide a comprehensive dataset for interpreting cardiopulmonary exercise tests in the elderly.

Main Methods:

  • 1537 participants (769 women) aged 70-77 years underwent clinical examinations and cardiopulmonary exercise tests.
  • Assessed parameters included peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2peak), ventilation (V˙Epeak), and 1-min heart rate (HR) recovery.
  • Evaluated ventilatory efficiency (EqV˙O2peak, EqV˙CO2peak) and other cardiorespiratory measures.

Main Results:

  • Men exhibited higher V˙O2peak, breathing frequency (BFpeak), tidal volume (VTpeak), oxygen pulse (O2 pulsepeak), and ventilation (V˙Epeak) compared to women.
  • Participants with CVD showed lower V˙O2peak, peak HR, V˙Epeak, VTpeak, and EqV˙CO2peak than healthy individuals.
  • 1-min HR recovery was notably lower in older adults with CVD compared to their healthy counterparts.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the largest dataset of directly measured CRF and cardiorespiratory function in older adults, with and without CVD.
  • The findings offer valuable reference material for researchers and clinicians.
  • Enables more accurate interpretation of cardiopulmonary exercise testing results in the elderly population.