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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

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Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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Antihistamines are a class of drugs widely used to alleviate the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. They work by inhibiting the actions of histamine, which is released by immune cells in response to allergenic substances or tissue injuries.
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Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants01:27

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Decongestants are a class of medications used primarily to alleviate nasal congestion, a common symptom resulting from allergies, colds, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections. These drugs work by activating α-adrenergic receptors, constricting small blood vessels in the nasal membranes. This action results in the opening of clogged nasal passages, thereby facilitating sinus drainage and relieving congestion.
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Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

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Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
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Rhinovirus and preschool wheeze.

Katarina Stenberg-Hammar1,2,3, Gunilla Hedlin1,2,3, Cilla Söderhäll1,3,4

  • 1Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|June 10, 2017
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Rhinovirus (RV) infections in young children can lead to wheezing and increase asthma risk. This review explores RV

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An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Rhinovirus (RV), the common cold virus, typically causes mild upper respiratory infections.
  • Severe lower respiratory symptoms and wheezing are linked to RV, particularly in asthmatic individuals.
  • Wheezing in preschool children with RV is associated with a higher risk of developing asthma later.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the role of RV infections in preschool children.
  • To discuss the association between RV, early-onset wheeze, and asthma exacerbation.
  • To explore the debate on whether RV triggers asthma or unmasks a predisposition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on RV infections in preschool children.
  • Analysis of molecular diagnostic data for respiratory viruses.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of RV's impact on respiratory health.

Main Results:

  • RV is increasingly recognized as a significant respiratory pathogen in young children.
  • RV infection is strongly linked to early-onset wheeze and asthma exacerbation in predisposed children.
  • Molecular diagnostics have provided new insights into RV's role.

Conclusions:

  • RV plays a crucial role in early-onset wheeze and asthma development/exacerbation in preschool children.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying RV-induced respiratory issues.
  • Identifying children at risk for severe RV outcomes is important for prevention and management.