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Zero-group velocity modes in plates with continuous material variation through the thickness.

Oskar Tofeldt1, Nils Ryden1

  • 1Division of Engineering Geology, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden.

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Summary

Lamb modes with zero group velocity are useful for nondestructive evaluation of plate properties. However, material variations in concrete structures create complex relationships, potentially causing errors in property estimations.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid Mechanics
  • Materials Science
  • NonDestructive Evaluation

Background:

  • Lamb modes with zero group velocity (ZGV) enable stationary resonances in isotropic plates, valuable for material characterization.
  • Applications include nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of plate-like structures, such as concrete, where material properties can vary through thickness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate Lamb modes in inhomogeneous, nonsymmetric plates with continuous material variations.
  • Analyze the behavior and detectability of ZGV modes in such complex structures.
  • Assess the impact of material inhomogeneity on the interpretation of NDE results.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a semi-analytical finite element technique for analysis.
  • Utilized a simulated measurement application to assess detectability.
  • Focused numerical studies on the lowest ZGV mode.

Main Results:

  • ZGV modes in inhomogeneous plates exhibit similar generation behavior and detectability as in isotropic plates.
  • A complex, nonlinear relationship exists between mode frequency and material velocity in inhomogeneous cases.
  • Standard interpretation methods for isotropic plates are hindered by these complex relationships.

Conclusions:

  • While ZGV modes remain detectable in inhomogeneous plates, their utility for precise property estimation is compromised.
  • The complex frequency-material velocity relationship complicates the interpretation of cross-sectional mean values.
  • Practical NDE applications on structures with through-thickness material variations require revised interpretation strategies to avoid errors.