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Quantifying the contribution of alcohol to cardiomyopathy: A systematic review

Jürgen Rehm1, Omer Syed Muhammad Hasan2, Sameer Imtiaz3

  • 1Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, CAMH, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187 Dresden, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.

Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)
|June 11, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Heavy alcohol consumption over years significantly increases cardiomyopathy risk. Quantifying alcohol-attributable cardiomyopathy burden requires new methods beyond traditional population-attributable fractions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Toxicology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is a known cardiotoxin.
  • Alcoholic cardiomyopathy has an ICD code, but its population burden is unclear.
  • Estimating burden typically uses population-attributable fractions, requiring dose-response data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and establish dose-response relationships between alcohol consumption and cardiomyopathy risk.
  • To assess the feasibility of quantifying alcohol-attributable cardiomyopathy burden using existing data.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search for studies on alcohol consumption and cardiomyopathy dose-response relationships.
  • Inclusion of direct studies and reviews.
  • Attempted meta-analysis to pool estimates.

Main Results:

  • Meta-analysis was not feasible due to data limitations.
  • Heavy drinking (≥80 g/day) over years is linked to high cardiomyopathy risk.
  • Increased lifetime alcohol exposure correlates with higher risk; drinking patterns may also play a role.

Conclusions:

  • Current data does not permit conventional burden estimation methods.
  • Heavy and prolonged alcohol intake poses significant cardiomyopathy risk.
  • Novel methodologies are needed for global quantification of alcohol-attributable cardiomyopathy.

Keywords:
AlcoholAttributable fractionCardiomyopathyDose-responsePatterns of drinkingPopulation

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