Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Magical Thinking01:29

Magical Thinking

242
Magical thinking encompasses the belief in assumptions that defy logical reasoning yet appear intuitively convincing. It is a common psychological phenomenon that persists across various cultural and individual contexts. While these assumptions contradict empirical evidence and scientific laws, they often serve meaningful psychological roles in promoting emotional resilience and a sense of control, especially under stress or uncertainty.Thought-Action Fusion and the Law of SimilarityA key...
242
Beck's Cognitive Therapy01:25

Beck's Cognitive Therapy

455
Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
Arbitrary Inference
Arbitrary inference involves making conclusions without sufficient...
455
Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

775
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
Hallucinations
Hallucinations in...
775
Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

37.6K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.6K
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy01:24

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

524
Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert...
524
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

606
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
606

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Revisiting Deterministic Motor Sequence Learning: EEG Correlates and Methodological Challenges.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

Orofacial somatosensory abilities in speech motor control: a taxonomic framework and its application to stuttering research.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

From Errors to Beliefs and Routes: Rethinking Cortical Inference.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

Insights into the neural mechanisms supporting cognitive stability and flexibility from human intracranial electroencephalography.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

Big-tent versus small-tent views of the brain mechanisms underlying consciousness.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same journal

Sleep-related Alzheimer's disease vulnerability in aging: A muscle-metabolic perspective.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
09:29

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Published on: January 9, 2015

15.9K

A conditioning model of delusion.

Douglas John Roy1

  • 1School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|June 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary

False and persistent beliefs, known as delusions, may arise from imbalances in attention and feedback learning. When attention is weakened, maladaptive associations can become insulated from disconfirming feedback, leading to persistent false beliefs.

Keywords:
Conditioned attention theoryCounter-conditioningFrustration theoryLatent inhibitionLearned irrelevancePartial reinforcement extinction effectPsychoticism

More Related Videos

Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Training in Rats
06:57

Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Training in Rats

Published on: February 4, 2016

11.6K
Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling Mouse Model
07:06

Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling Mouse Model

Published on: June 12, 2018

35.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
09:29

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Published on: January 9, 2015

15.9K
Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Training in Rats
06:57

Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Training in Rats

Published on: February 4, 2016

11.6K
Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling Mouse Model
07:06

Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling Mouse Model

Published on: June 12, 2018

35.2K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopathology

Background:

  • Delusions are characterized by false and persistent beliefs.
  • Understanding the cognitive mechanisms underlying delusion formation is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a model explaining delusion formation through the interplay of attention and feedback learning.
  • To investigate how disruptions in these learning processes can lead to persistent false beliefs.

Main Methods:

  • Operationalizing attentional processes using learned irrelevance and latent inhibition paradigms.
  • Examining the effects of persistence-training on feedback learning.
  • Modeling the interaction between attentional allocation and feedback sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • A weakened attentional process allows persistence-training effects to insulate maladaptive associations from disconfirming feedback.
  • This insulation can lead to a systematic distortion of beliefs, making them persistent regardless of validity.
  • The model predicts delusions arise when attention is weakened in favor of feedback learning.

Conclusions:

  • Delusions may result from an imbalance favoring feedback learning over attentional control.
  • This imbalance can be influenced by experimental manipulations, traits, culture, or evolutionary factors.
  • Existing evidence supports this cognitive model of delusion formation.