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Acute kidney injury: emerging pharmacotherapies in current clinical trials

Stefanie Woolridge Benoit1, Prasad Devarajan2

  • 1Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7022, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|June 12, 2017
PubMed

Insights

New targeted therapies are emerging for acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill children. This review covers promising pharmacotherapies in clinical trials, offering hope for improved pediatric kidney health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) significantly impacts critically ill children, causing substantial morbidity and mortality.
  • Current treatment options for pediatric AKI are limited, highlighting an urgent need for targeted therapies.
  • Advances in understanding renal injury and repair pathways pave the way for novel pharmaceutical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging pharmacotherapies for acute kidney injury (AKI) in pediatric patients.
  • To categorize these novel treatments based on their mechanisms of action.
  • To highlight therapies currently undergoing clinical trials for AKI.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of emerging pharmacotherapies for AKI.
  • Categorization of therapies by mechanism of action: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasodilator, apoptosis inhibitor, and repair agents.
  • Focus on agents currently in clinical trials for pediatric AKI.

Main Results:

  • Identified several classes of emerging pharmacotherapies for pediatric AKI.
  • Included anti-inflammatory agents (recAP, AB103, ABT-719), antioxidants (iron chelators, heme arginate), vasodilators (levosimendan), apoptosis inhibitors (QPI-1002), and repair agents (THR-184, BB-3, mesenchymal stem cells).
  • All discussed therapies are in various stages of clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging pharmacotherapies show potential for preventing and treating pediatric AKI.
  • Targeted therapies represent a significant advancement over current supportive care for AKI.
  • Further clinical trials are crucial to establish the efficacy and safety of these novel AKI treatments in children.

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryAcute renal failureClinical trialsPediatricTherapeutics

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