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Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
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Advances in small molecule therapy for treating metastatic thyroid cancer
Jolanta Krajewska1, Tomasz Gawlik1, Barbara Jarzab1
1a Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology Department , Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Institute and Cancer Center , Gliwice Branch, Gliwice , Poland.
Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|June 13, 2017
Summary
Multi kinase inhibitors (MKIs) show promise in thyroid cancer (TC) by inhibiting tumor growth. However, evidence for improving overall survival remains limited, and optimal treatment timing and drug selection are still unclear.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Multi kinase inhibitors (MKIs) target growth factor receptors to inhibit tumor cell proliferation.
- Thyroid cancer (TC) treatment has explored various targeted therapies over the past decade.
- Radioiodine-refractory differentiated and medullary TC are key areas of MKI investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the 10-year experience with multi kinase inhibitors (MKIs) in thyroid cancer (TC).
- To evaluate the efficacy of approved and investigational MKIs in various TC subtypes.
- To critically assess the current evidence regarding MKI impact on survival and treatment guidelines.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of published phase I, II, and III clinical trials.
- Analysis of reported outcomes for MKIs in differentiated and medullary thyroid cancer.
- Evaluation of expert opinions on current MKI treatment strategies.
Main Results:
- Four MKIs demonstrated a significant benefit in progression-free survival for radioiodine-refractory differentiated or medullary TC.
- Convincing evidence for MKIs improving overall survival in TC is still lacking compared to other solid tumors.
- Uncertainty persists regarding the optimal timing for initiating MKI therapy and selecting specific drugs.
Conclusions:
- While MKIs offer benefits in progression-free survival for specific TC types, their impact on overall survival requires further investigation.
- Evidence-based guidelines for initiating and selecting MKIs in TC are currently insufficient.
- Key clinical questions regarding treatment initiation and cessation in TC patients remain unanswered.
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