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Lignin from Micro- to Nanosize: Production Methods.

Stefan Beisl1, Angela Miltner2, Anton Friedl3

  • 1Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria. stefan.beisl@tuwien.ac.at.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers explored methods for creating lignin nanoparticles, a valuable product from a paper industry byproduct. Solvent shifting shows promise for producing diverse lignin nanostructures adaptable to various lignin types.

Keywords:
biorefineryligninmicroparticlesnanoparticlesprecipitation

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Area of Science:

  • Biopolymer chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Lignin, a byproduct of cellulose production, has historically low-value applications.
  • Emerging biorefinery projects and a changing paper market create opportunities for lignin valorization.
  • Nanomaterials offer unique properties, driving interest in lignin-based nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for preparing lignin nanoparticles and nanostructures.
  • To assess the adaptability of different formation methods to diverse lignin types.
  • To identify achievable particle characteristics based on formation techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on pH-shifting and solvent-shifting methods for lignin nanoparticle formation.
  • Evaluation of the capability of these methods to handle varied lignin structures.
  • Analysis of particle characteristics (solid/hollow) produced by solvent shifting.

Main Results:

  • Solvent-shifting methods can produce both solid and hollow lignin nanoparticles.
  • These methods demonstrate adaptability to different lignin types, solvents, and anti-solvents.
  • Particle characteristics are dependent on the chosen formation method and process conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Adapting process conditions is crucial for optimizing lignin nanoparticle formation from diverse sources.
  • Further research should focus on reducing solvent usage and integrating these methods into biorefinery processes.
  • Lignin-based nanomaterials offer a promising route for adding value to this abundant biopolymer.