Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Brain Waves

Brain Waves

Brain waves are electrical signals generated by the neurons in the brain, which are regularly monitored to measure mental activities. Brain waves and their frequency ranges can be measured using an electroencephalogram or EEG. There are four main types of brain waves, each with distinct characteristics:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Daily-Life, Sensor-Derived Tremor Measures Are Sensitive to Progression in Early Parkinson's Disease.

Annals of neurology·2026

Same author

Brain Frailty Rather than Age Alone Mediates the Lack of Benefit for Endovascular Thrombectomy in the Elderly Population of the RESILIENT Trial.

Annals of neurology·2026

Same author

Association between carotid arterial wall components and brain atrophy in hypertensive individuals.

Vascular medicine (London, England)·2026

Same author

A generalizable and open-source algorithm for real-life monitoring of tremor in Parkinson's disease.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2025

Same author

Functionally Isolated Sarcoplasmic Reticulum in Cardiomyocytes: Experimental and Mathematical Models.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same author

Posterior circulation collaterals as predictors of outcome in basilar artery occlusion: a sub-analysis of the BASICS randomized trial.

Frontiers in neurology·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Electroencephalography Network Indices as Biomarkers of Upper Limb Impairment in Chronic Stroke

Electroencephalography Network Indices as Biomarkers of Upper Limb Impairment in Chronic Stroke

Published on: July 14, 2023

Electroencephalography Patterns and Prognosis in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Fabricio O Lima^1,2, João A G Ricardo^3,4, Ana C Coan^5,2

¹Health Sciences Center, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil.

Cerebrovascular Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 13, 2017

Summary

Interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) and periodic patterns (PP) on EEG in acute ischemic stroke indicate a worse functional outcome. Early detection of epileptiform activity (EA) is crucial for stroke prognosis.

Keywords:

Electroencephalography Outcome Periodic patterns Seizures Stroke

More Related Videos

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol for Stroke Onset Time Estimation in Permanent Cerebral Ischemia

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol for Stroke Onset Time Estimation in Permanent Cerebral Ischemia

Published on: September 16, 2017

Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: June 21, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Electroencephalography Network Indices as Biomarkers of Upper Limb Impairment in Chronic Stroke

Electroencephalography Network Indices as Biomarkers of Upper Limb Impairment in Chronic Stroke

Published on: July 14, 2023

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol for Stroke Onset Time Estimation in Permanent Cerebral Ischemia

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Protocol for Stroke Onset Time Estimation in Permanent Cerebral Ischemia

Published on: September 16, 2017

Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Use of a Wireless Video-EEG System to Monitor Epileptiform Discharges Following Lateral Fluid-Percussion Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: June 21, 2019

Area of Science:

Neurology
Neurophysiology
Stroke Medicine

Background:

The prognostic value of interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) and periodic patterns (PP) following ischemic stroke remains unclear.
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a key tool for assessing brain activity post-stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if IED and PP, detected via EEG during acute ischemic stroke, correlate with poorer functional outcomes.
To investigate the prognostic significance of epileptiform activity (EA) in stroke patients.

Main Methods:

Prospective enrollment of 157 adult patients with acute ischemic stroke within 72 hours of onset.
Exclusion of patients with pre-stroke seizures, epilepsy, or conditions precluding EEG.
EEG interpretation by a blinded neurophysiologist, defining IED and PP (grouped as EA) per guidelines. Outcome assessed using modified Rankin Scale at 3 months.

Main Results:

Univariable analysis showed admission NIHSS, age, and presence of EA were associated with 3-month outcome.
Multivariable analysis revealed that only admission NIHSS and the presence of EA were independent predictors of prognosis.
The presence of EA (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.04-5.00, p=0.04) significantly predicted a worse outcome.

Conclusions:

The presence of epileptiform activity (EA) on EEG during the acute phase of ischemic stroke is an independent predictor of worse functional outcome.
Further research is needed to explore EEG's role in stroke prognosis, including medication effects and seizure occurrence in patients with specific EEG patterns.