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Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure

Michael Lehrke1, Nikolaus Marx1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, Germany.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|June 14, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Patients with diabetes have a high prevalence and worse prognosis of heart failure. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors like empagliflozin show promise in reducing heart failure hospitalizations in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Heart failure is highly prevalent in patients with diabetes.
  • Diabetes worsens heart failure prognosis, independent of coronary artery disease.
  • Pathophysiological mechanisms link diabetes to cardiac dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence, prognosis, and pathophysiology of heart failure in diabetes.
  • To summarize therapeutic strategies for managing heart failure in diabetic patients.
  • To highlight the role of SGLT2 inhibitors in this patient group.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiologic and clinical data from the past 20 years.
  • Analysis of experimental data on cardiac function in diabetes.
  • Evaluation of clinical trial data on therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence and poorer outcomes of heart failure in diabetic individuals.
  • Identification of diabetes-specific mechanisms contributing to cardiac dysfunction.
  • Empagliflozin demonstrated reduced heart failure hospitalizations in type 2 diabetes patients with high cardiovascular risk.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes significantly impacts heart failure prevalence and prognosis.
  • Understanding pathophysiology is crucial for targeted therapies.
  • Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic avenue for heart failure in diabetes.

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