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Related Concept Videos

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Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
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In mechanical engineering, a three-dimensional force system is a system of forces acting in three dimensions, with forces applied along the x, y, and z coordinate axes. The three-dimensional force system is an important concept in mechanical engineering, as it allows engineers to understand and analyze the behavior of objects and structures in three dimensions. By understanding the forces acting on a system, engineers can design more efficient and effective mechanical systems that can withstand...
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The centroid of a body is a crucial concept in engineering and physics. Finding the centroid of a body can help determine its stability, its balance point, and even its design. In this context, consider a thin wire bent in the form of a quarter circular arc. Polar coordinates are used to calculate the centroid. The wire is first divided into small differential elements of a length equal to the radius multiplied by the differential angle.
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Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
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Neural Correlates underlying Size Constancy in Virtual Three-Dimensional Space.

Jing Xia1, Pengfei Wang1,2, Qi Chen3,4

  • 1Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.

Scientific Reports
|June 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Size constancy, the brain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Perceived object size remains constant despite changes in retinal image size as distance varies.
  • Neural mechanisms underlying size constancy in virtual 3D environments are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the neural basis of size constancy in a virtual 3D environment.
  • Differentiate brain network connectivity related to retinal size versus perceived size.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a virtual 3D world within an MR scanner to manipulate object distance and perceived size.
  • Included a 2D control condition to isolate effects of retinal image size.
  • Analyzed functional connectivity patterns in the inferior occipital gyrus (IOG).

Main Results:

  • Differential retinal sizes activated overlapping areas in the bilateral inferior occipital gyrus (IOG) in both 3D and 2D conditions.
  • IOG exhibited distinct functional connectivity patterns: enhanced with superior parietal cortex in 2D, and with inferior temporal and prefrontal cortex in the 3D size constancy condition.

Conclusions:

  • The inferior occipital gyrus (IOG) plays a role in processing both retinal and perceived object size.
  • Neural networks connected to IOG adapt based on whether visual input is interpreted in a 2D or 3D context, supporting size constancy in 3D space.