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Dietary factors and pediatric multiple sclerosis: A case-control study.

Julia Pakpoor1, Brandon Seminatore2, Jennifer S Graves2

  • 1Unit of Health-Care Epidemiology, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|June 14, 2017
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Summary

Children with pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) may consume less dietary iron. Further research is needed to understand this link between low iron intake and pediatric MS.

Keywords:
Case control studiesall pediatricmultiple sclerosisneurologynutritionalrisk factors in epidemiology

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The dietary impact on pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) remains largely unknown.
  • Understanding nutritional factors in early-onset MS is crucial for potential interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between various dietary components and the risk of developing MS in children.
  • To identify specific nutritional factors that may influence pediatric MS onset.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 312 pediatric MS patients and 456 controls across 16 US centers.
  • Dietary intake was assessed using the Block Kids Food Screener questionnaire.
  • Statistical analyses included chi-squared tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and multivariable logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in the intake of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, sugars, fruits, or vegetables between cases and controls.
  • Children with pediatric MS showed lower dietary iron intake compared to controls.
  • Insufficient iron consumption (below recommended guidelines) was significantly associated with pediatric MS (OR=1.80, p<0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Lower iron consumption may be a potential risk factor for pediatric multiple sclerosis.
  • Further investigation is required to establish a definitive temporal relationship between iron intake and pediatric MS.
  • Most other dietary factors examined did not show a significant association with pediatric MS.