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Keeping an eye on syphilis

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    General practitioners should be aware of rising ocular syphilis cases, especially in men who have sex with men (MSM). Prompt ophthalmic referral is crucial for patients with new visual symptoms indicating potential syphilis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Increasing incidence of syphilis, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM).
    • Ocular syphilis as a significant manifestation of the broader syphilis epidemic.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To alert general practitioners (GPs) to the rising trend of ocular syphilis.
    • To emphasize the importance of recognizing ocular syphilis in the context of the MSM syphilis epidemic.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective case review of ocular syphilis.
    • Data collected from patients presenting to the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital between January 2015 and August 2016.

    Main Results:

    • Twelve patients (19 eyes) with ocular syphilis were identified.
    • The majority of affected patients were men (11/12), with seven identified as MSM.
    • Common symptoms included blurred vision and floaters; uveitis was the universal ocular manifestation.

    Conclusions:

    • General practitioners must maintain a high index of suspicion for ocular syphilis in diagnosed syphilis cases, especially in MSM.
    • New onset visual symptoms in patients with syphilis warrant urgent ophthalmological referral.