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Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Underwater Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy for Gastroesophageal Varices

Underwater Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy for Gastroesophageal Varices

Published on: August 1, 2025

Endoscopic injection therapy.

Sang Woon Kim¹, Yong Seung Lee¹, Sang Won Han¹

¹Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Investigative and Clinical Urology

|June 15, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Endoscopic injection therapy using dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Deflux) offers a minimally invasive option for vesicoureteral reflux. However, concerns about long-term efficacy and UTI prevention warrant further investigation.

Keywords:

Endoscopy Injections Vesicoureteral reflux

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Urology
Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Deflux) is FDA-approved for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).
Endoscopic injection therapy with Deflux is a minimally invasive alternative to surgery and antibiotics for VUR.
This therapy demonstrates high initial cure rates, comparable to open surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current literature on endoscopic injection therapy for VUR.
To provide an updated overview of Deflux therapy for VUR.
To address concerns regarding long-term efficacy and complications.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on Deflux for VUR.
Analysis of cure rates, efficacy, and complications.
Evaluation of evidence for UTI prevention and renal scarring.

Main Results:

Endoscopic Deflux injection shows high initial success rates for VUR.
Concerns exist regarding stringent UTI evaluation and long-term outcomes.
Limited evidence supports Deflux efficacy in preventing UTIs or renal scarring.

Conclusions:

Endoscopic Deflux injection is a viable VUR treatment option.
Further research is needed on long-term efficacy and UTI prevention.
Careful patient selection and monitoring are essential.