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Related Concept Videos

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

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A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
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Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
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Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

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In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
540
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies
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Emergency Department Urinary Antibiograms Differ by Specific Patient Group.

S Jorgensen1,2, M Zurayk1, S Yeung2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Huntington Hospital, Pasadena, California, USA.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|June 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) treatment in emergency departments (EDs) needs tailored approaches. Patient-specific urinary antibiograms reveal significant differences in *E. coli* susceptibility, guiding better empirical therapy selection for UTIs.

Keywords:
antibiogramantimicrobial stewardshipemergency departmenturinary tract infection

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Emergency departments (EDs) see diverse patients with varying risks for resistant pathogens.
  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common, necessitating effective empirical treatment.
  • Understanding pathogen susceptibility is crucial for optimizing antibiotic selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare patient group-specific urinary antibiograms for *Escherichia coli* in the ED.
  • To identify differences in *E. coli* susceptibility based on patient demographics and origin.
  • To inform empirical UTI therapy selection in the ED.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 500 adult patients diagnosed with UTI in the ED.
  • Comparison of *E. coli* urinary antibiograms across various patient subgroups.
  • Data extracted included demographics, laboratory results, and clinical data.

Main Results:

  • *E. coli* was found in 56% of positive urine cultures.
  • Overall susceptibilities to ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and cefazolin were below 71%.
  • Significant differences in susceptibility were observed based on patient origin (SNF vs. home), age, sex, and admission status.

Conclusions:

  • Patient group-specific urinary antibiograms demonstrate distinct *E. coli* susceptibility patterns.
  • Tailored antibiograms are essential for improving empirical UTI treatment strategies in the ED.
  • Nitrofurantoin exhibited high susceptibility across all studied groups.