One-year outcomes following drug-eluting balloon use for coronary ostial restenosis

The management of ostial lesions is one of the challenges of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in recent medicine. Although stent implantation has increased the accuracy of the results and improved long-term outcomes, in-stent restenosis (ISR) occurs more frequency following the treatment of ostial lesions than the treatment of non-ostial lesions. When additional stenting is not desirable, PCI with drug-eluting balloons (DEBs) has emerged as an adjunctive strategy. However, little data regarding the effects of DEBs in ostial ISR lesions are available. Our study aimed to assess the efficacy of the use of DEBs in coronary ostial instent restenotic lesions.

From November of 2011 to May of 2014, 85 patients were diagnosed with coronary ostial ISR in our hospital. A total of 93 coronary ostial ISR lesions were treated with DEBs. More than half of the study patients had comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, 77.6% of the study patients had triple vessel coronary artery disease, and 54.1% of the study patients had left main coronary artery disease. In our study, target lesion revascularization were performed in 19.2% in all groups; 11.5% were in the ostial left anterior descending artery, 29.0% were in the ostial left circumflex artery, and 21.4% were in the ostial right coronary artery. Across all of the groups, 24.4% of the patients experienced major adverse cardiac cerebral events.

Percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting balloons is an alternative strategy for coronary ostial instent restenosis when additional stenting is not desirable.