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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Hypodermis01:02

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The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...
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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Obesity.

Pedro González-Muniesa1,2,3, Miguel-Angel Mártinez-González2,3,4,5, Frank B Hu5

  • 1Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology/Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Edificio de Investigación, calle de Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|June 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Obesity results from an energy imbalance, impacting over 2 billion people globally. Understanding genetics, metabolism, and environmental factors is key to effective obesity treatment and prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders
  • Public Health and Epidemiology
  • Genetics and Genomics

Background:

  • Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition driven by energy imbalance, affecting over 2 billion individuals worldwide.
  • It significantly impacts quality of life and is associated with numerous comorbidities.
  • Current public health and individual treatment efforts face challenges in curbing the obesity epidemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the factors contributing to excessive weight gain.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding central nervous system circuitry, metabolism, and adipose tissue homeostasis.
  • To emphasize the need for a multifactorial approach in obesity management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on obesity aetiology, treatment, and contributing factors.
  • Discussion of lifestyle modifications, medical treatments, and surgical interventions.
  • Exploration of the role of environmental, socioeconomic, genetic, and epigenetic factors.

Main Results:

  • Obesity is multifactorial, involving energy intake/expenditure disequilibrium, central nervous system, metabolism, and adipose tissue.
  • Lifestyle changes (diet, exercise) are foundational, but medical and surgical options are increasingly important.
  • Healthcare professionals must consider a wide range of individual factors including family history, environment, and socioeconomic status.

Conclusions:

  • Effective obesity management requires a holistic approach, integrating lifestyle changes with medical/surgical options.
  • Addressing environmental and socioeconomic drivers is crucial for public health strategies.
  • Precision medicine, leveraging 'omics' technologies, offers future potential for personalized obesity treatment.