Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Equity Theory01:26

Equity Theory

335
Equity theory explains how our sense of fairness influences the dynamics of close relationships. Rooted in social psychology, the theory posits that individuals evaluate fairness by comparing the ratio of their contributions to the rewards they receive. Relationship satisfaction is highest when these ratios are perceived as balanced between partners, promoting mutual reciprocity and a sense of justice.Equity vs. Equality in RelationshipsEquity is distinct from equality. Fairness does not...
335
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

14.0K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
14.0K
Social Traps01:41

Social Traps

27.0K
Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
27.0K
Modeling with Differential Equations01:25

Modeling with Differential Equations

129
Population dynamics can be described mathematically by considering the population size P(t) as a function of time. The rate of change of the population is then represented by the derivative of P(t). A simple assumption is that the rate of growth is proportional to the size of the population itself. This leads to an exponential growth model, where the population increases rapidly without bound. While this is a useful first approximation, it does not reflect realistic long-term...
129
Dynamic Equilibrium02:20

Dynamic Equilibrium

64.5K
A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...
64.5K
Skewness01:06

Skewness

20.1K
The measures of central tendency calculated from a data set may not reveal much about its intrinsic distribution. If a plot is made of the data set’s values, the mean and the median may not only differ, but also the plot may have more values on one side of the central tendencies. Such a data set is said to be skewed towards that side.
The longer the tail of the plot on one side, the more skewed it is. The skewness of a data set’s values suggests that the measures of central tendency...
20.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Approaches to Exceptional Points in the Framework of Non-Hermitian Random Matrices.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Self-regulating and self-oscillating metal-organic framework hybrid plasmonic metasurfaces.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Strong Laser Emission Modulation by Coherent Perfect Absorption Inside Complex-Coupled Distributed Feedback Laser Diodes.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2024
Same author

Stability mapping of bipartite tight-binding graphs with losses and gain: PTPT-symmetry and beyond.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2024
Same author

Engineering of the Fano resonance spectral response with non-Hermitian metasurfaces by navigating between exceptional point and bound states in the continuum conditions.

Optics express·2024
Same author

Growth Quakes and Stasis Using Iterations of Inflating Complex Random Matrices.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

4.5K

Simple wealth distribution model causing inequality-induced crisis without external shocks.

Henri Benisty1

  • 1Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Univ. Paris Saclay, 2 Ave Augustin Fresnel, 91127 Palaiseau Cedex, France.

Physical Review. E
|June 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extreme wealth inequality can trigger economic crises. This model uses multiplicative processes to show how concentrated wealth leads to intermittent crises, with taxes potentially mitigating this effect.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Economics
  • Mathematical Finance
  • Statistical Physics

Background:

  • Extreme wealth inequality is a growing concern, potentially leading to economic instability.
  • Existing models often rely on complex internal dynamics or external shocks to explain crises.
  • Thomas Piketty's "r>g" (return rate > growth rate) highlights long-term wealth accumulation trends.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the dynamics of wealth accumulation and economic crises driven by extreme inequality.
  • To propose a new dynamic inequality model with minimal extrinsic assumptions.
  • To provide statistical insights into the consequences of wealth concentration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing pure or modified multiplicative processes, specifically geometric Brownian motions.
  • Developing a dynamic inequality model where wealth concentration induces a crisis regime.
  • Employing a normalization mechanism for agent coupling and analyzing ergodicity.

Main Results:

  • The model demonstrates that a sizable fraction of wealth held by a few agents triggers intermittent crises.
  • It offers a statistical interpretation of "r>g" and the concept of wealth "water-divides" defining classes.
  • A few percent tax on daily transactions can effectively slow or halt extreme wealth build-up.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model offers a parsimonious explanation for inequality-driven economic crises.
  • It suggests that wealth concentration inherently leads to instability and intermittency.
  • The framework allows for studying crisis dynamics and emergent effective classes under various factors.