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Amorphous Metal Polysulfides: Electrode Materials with Unique Insertion/Extraction Reactions
Atsushi Sakuda1, Koji Ohara2,3, Katsutoshi Fukuda2
1Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan.
Abstract:
A unique charge/discharge mechanism of amorphous TiS4 is reported. Amorphous transition metal polysulfide electrodes exhibit anomalous charge/discharge performance and should have a unique charge/discharge mechanism: neither the typical intercalation/deintercalation mechanism nor the conversion-type one, but a mixture of the two. Analyzing the mechanism of such electrodes has been a challenge because fewer tools are available to examine the "amorphous" structure. It is revealed that the electrode undergoes two distinct structural changes: (i) the deformation and formation of S-S disulfide bonds and (ii) changes in the coordination number of titanium. These structural changes proceed continuously and concertedly for Li insertion/extraction. The results of this study provide a novel and unique model of amorphous electrode materials with significantly larger capacities.
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