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Sound as Pressure Waves01:17

Sound as Pressure Waves

4.7K
Sound waves, which are longitudinal waves, can be modeled as the displacement amplitude varying as a function of the spatial and temporal coordinates. As a column of the medium is displaced, its successive columns are also displaced. As the successive displacements differ relatively, a pressure difference with the surrounding pressure is created. The gauge pressure varies across the medium.
The pressure fluctuation depends on the difference in displacements between the successive points in the...
4.7K
Intensity and Pressure of Sound Waves01:05

Intensity and Pressure of Sound Waves

1.8K
The intensity of sound waves can be related to displacement and pressure amplitudes by using their wave expressions and the definition of intensity. The critical step to achieve this is to write the power delivered by the particles on the wave as the product of force and velocity and simplify the force per unit area as the pressure. The velocity of the medium's particles can be derived from the displacement.
Unlike the time average of a sinusoidal term, which is zero since it is positive...
1.8K
Shock Waves01:16

Shock Waves

2.6K
While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
When the source's speed approaches the speed of sound, constructive interference between successive wavefronts emitted by the source occurs immediately behind it. Initially, scientists believed that this constructive interference would result in such high...
2.6K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Blast Quantification Using Hopkinson Pressure Bars
09:41

Blast Quantification Using Hopkinson Pressure Bars

Published on: July 5, 2016

9.5K

Explosion yield estimation from pressure wave template matching.

Stephen Arrowsmith1, Daniel Bowman1

  • 1Sandia National Laboratories, P. O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA sjarrow@sandia.gov, dbowma@sandia.gov.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|June 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel method for estimating explosion yields using shock and acoustic waves. The technique achieves accurate yield predictions across various distances, demonstrating its broad applicability.

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Seismology
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Accurate explosion yield estimation is critical for various applications, including nuclear test monitoring and seismic hazard assessment.
  • Traditional methods often rely on limited waveform data or specific regional calibrations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a robust method for estimating explosion yields using full waveform shock and acoustic measurements.
  • To assess the method's performance across different source-to-receiver distances and geographical regions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes full seismic and acoustic waveforms for yield estimation.
  • Employs empirical scaling laws to compare pressure measurements against a stack of prior observations.
  • Applies the method to data from two distinct explosion experiments.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a mean relative error of 0.13 when using prior data from the same region.
  • Demonstrated a mean relative error of 0.2 when applying the method to a new geographical region.
  • The approach is effective across a wide range of source-to-receiver distances.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides a reliable approach for explosion yield estimation using readily available waveform data.
  • The technique shows good generalization capabilities, performing well even when applied to data from previously uncalibrated regions.