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Diabetes: Prevalence, prognosis and management of a potent cardiovascular risk factor

Anna Norhammar1,2, Linda Mellbin1, Francesco Cosentino1

  • 11 Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
|June 17, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Diabetes significantly increases cardiovascular disease risk and worsens outcomes after acute coronary events. Comprehensive management of risk factors and evidence-based therapies, including novel glucose-lowering drugs, are crucial for improving patient prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Diabetic patients face a poorer prognosis following acute coronary events compared to non-diabetic individuals.
  • Despite advancements, diabetes continues to confer a substantial cardiovascular risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of diabetes on cardiovascular risk and prognosis.
  • To discuss evidence-based therapeutic strategies for managing cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients.
  • To explore the role of novel glucose-lowering agents and hidden diabetes in cardiovascular outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies on diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of current guidelines and emerging data on glucose-lowering therapies.
  • Examination of antithrombotic and revascularization strategies in diabetic populations.
  • Inclusion of data on undiagnosed diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance.

Main Results:

  • Diabetes remains a significant independent risk factor for CVD and adverse events.
  • Aggressive management of traditional risk factors is essential for diabetic patients.
  • Novel glucose-lowering drugs show potential cardiovascular benefits beyond glycemic control.
  • Undiagnosed diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance also elevate future cardiovascular risk.

Conclusions:

  • Successful management of cardiovascular risk in diabetes requires a multifaceted approach.
  • Integration of glucose-lowering therapies, antithrombotic strategies, and revascularization is vital.
  • Further research into the cardiovascular effects of new diabetes medications and screening for hidden diabetes is warranted.

Keywords:
Diabetesabnormal glucose toleranceacute coronary syndromecardiovascular safetyglucose controlglucose-lowering drugsmyocardial infarctionsecondary prevention

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