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Related Concept Videos

Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

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The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
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The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
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Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

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Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
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Endocrine Signaling01:45

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Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
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In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
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"Nomen not est omen": the (pro)renin receptor and receptor-mediated endocytosis in the proximal tubule-a new (pro)renin-independent role forATP6ap2.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors
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The (pro)renin receptor and its interaction partners.

Jörg Peters1

  • 1Institute of Physiology, University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswalder Str. 11 C, 17495, Karlsburg, Germany. joerg.peters@uni-greifswald.de.

Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology
|June 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The prorenin receptor (PRR) is vital for cellular functions beyond its initial discovery. It acts as a crucial component of vesicular ATPases and Wnt signaling pathways, essential for development and cell biology.

Keywords:
AutophagyCell cycleNeuronal differentiationProreninReninRenin receptorV-ATPaseWnt pathways

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The prorenin receptor (PRR) was initially identified for its role in binding renin and prorenin, potentially mediating pro-fibrotic effects.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting PRR aimed to inhibit these pro-fibrotic cascades, particularly in kidney disease.
  • However, experimental evidence contradicted this concept, showing PRR overexpression was benign while its depletion was detrimental.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the function of the prorenin receptor (PRR) beyond its initially proposed role.
  • To investigate the actual biological significance of PRR in cellular processes.
  • To understand the diverse roles of PRR in cellular machinery and signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the cellular localization and interactions of the prorenin receptor (PRR).
  • Analyzed the effects of PRR manipulation on cellular processes and organismal viability.
  • Examined the role of PRR in the context of vesicular ATPases and Wnt signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • The prorenin receptor (PRR) is not primarily a mediator of pro-fibrotic signals but has essential physiological roles.
  • PRR functions as a critical accessory subunit of vesicular ATPases (v-ATPases), essential for their assembly.
  • PRR is integral to both canonical and non-canonical Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) Wnt signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • The prorenin receptor (PRR), also known as ATP6AP2, possesses critical functions unrelated to its initial discovery.
  • PRR is indispensable for lysosomal functions, including endocytosis, secretion, and autophagy.
  • PRR plays vital roles in cell division, differentiation, embryonic development, organogenesis, and stem cell biology.