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Published on: March 14, 2020
Gut Microbiome and Bone: to Build, Destroy, or Both?
1Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 6002Q, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Purpose Of Review:
The gut microbiota can be considered a hidden organ that plays essential roles in host homeostasis. Exploration of the effects of microbiota on bone has just begun. Complimentary studies using germ-free mice, antibiotic, and probiotic treatments reveal a complicated relationship between microbiota and bone. Here, we review recent reports addressing the effect of gut microbiota on bone health, discuss potential reasons for discrepant findings, and explore potential mechanisms for these effects.
Recent Findings:
Manipulation of microbiota by colonization of germ-free mice, antibiotics, or probiotic supplementation significantly alters bone remodeling, bone development and growth, as well as bone mechanical strength. Different experimental models reveal context-dependent effects of gut microbiota on bone. By examining phenotypic effects, experimental context, and proposed mechanisms, revealed by recent reports, we hope to provide comprehensive and fresh insights into the many facets of microbiota and bone interactions.
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