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Quantum Nonlinear Optics with a Germanium-Vacancy Color Center in a Nanoscale Diamond Waveguide.

M K Bhaskar¹, D D Sukachev^1,2, A Sipahigil¹

¹Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|June 17, 2017

Summary

We developed a quantum nanophotonics platform using germanium-vacancy (GeV) centers in diamond waveguides. This system enables efficient single-photon control and demonstrates nonlinear effects at the quantum level.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Nanophotonics
Solid-State Quantum Systems
Diamond Photonics

Background:

Germanium-vacancy (GeV) color centers in diamond are promising solid-state qubits.
Integrating color centers into nanophotonic waveguides is crucial for efficient light-matter interaction.
Previous efforts often required cavities or slow-light structures for strong coupling.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a fiber-coupled diamond nanophotonic platform utilizing GeV color centers.
To achieve efficient single-photon interface with waveguide photons without cavities.
To investigate the nonlinear properties of the GeV-waveguide system at the single-photon level.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of fiber-coupled diamond nanophotonic waveguides with embedded GeV centers.
Characterization of GeV optical transitions for quantum efficiency and linewidth.
Measurement of waveguide transmission reduction by single GeV centers.
Homodyne detection of GeV resonance fluorescence using a nanophotonic interferometer.
Analysis of output photon statistics to probe nonlinearity.

Main Results:

Demonstrated high quantum efficiency and near lifetime broadening of GeV optical transitions in nanophotonic structures.
Achieved efficient coupling between waveguide photons and a single GeV center without external cavities.
Observed an 18±1% reduction in waveguide transmission on resonance by a single GeV center.
Confirmed single-photon level nonlinearity in the GeV-waveguide system via photon statistics measurements.

Conclusions:

The developed platform provides an efficient cavity-free interface for single GeV centers and waveguide photons.
The results highlight the potential of GeV color centers in diamond nanophotonics for quantum information processing.
The demonstration of single-photon level nonlinearity opens avenues for novel quantum optical devices.