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Disorders of Leukocytes

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...

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Cellular and plasma nitrite levels in myeloid leukemia: a pathogenetic decrease.

Mili Jain¹, Ashutosh Kumar¹, Uma Shankar Singh¹

¹.

Biological Chemistry

|June 17, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nitric oxide (NO) levels are significantly lower in myeloid leukemia patients compared to controls. This decrease in nitrite, a stable NO byproduct, suggests reduced nitric oxide synthase activity in leukemia.

Keywords:

acute myeloid leukemia chronic myeloid leukemia leukemia nitric oxide nitric oxide synthase nitrite

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Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Biochemistry

Background:

Nitric oxide (NO) influences hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation.
Previous research on NO's effect on leukemic cells primarily used in vitro models.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate alterations in nitrite levels in patients with myeloid leukemias.
To compare nitrite levels between acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cases.

Main Methods:

Collected peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirates from 36 newly diagnosed myeloid leukemia patients (16 AML, 20 CML).
Separated neutrophil precursors using Percoll density gradient.
Measured nitrite levels in cell bands, blood plasma, and marrow fluid using Griess reagent.

Main Results:

Mean nitrite levels were significantly lower in all measured compartments (cell bands, plasma, marrow fluid) of leukemia patients compared to controls.
No significant difference in nitrite levels was observed between AML and CML groups.
A trend towards higher nitrite levels was noted in 13 CML patients upon follow-up (p>0.05).

Conclusions:

The observed decrease in nitrite levels in myeloid leukemia suggests diminished nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity.
Further research could identify molecular targets for nitric oxide modulator therapies in leukemia treatment.