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Prevalence and risk factors associated with peripheral arterial disease in an adult population from Colombia

Lorena Urbano1, Eliana Portilla2, Wilson Muñoz3

  • 1Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cauca, Popayán, Colombia; Molecular Diagnostics Unit, InnovaGen Foundation, Popayán, Colombia.

Archivos De Cardiologia De Mexico
|June 18, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects 4.4% of adults in Cauca, Colombia. Hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia are strong predictors, highlighting the need for routine ankle-brachial index screening in high-risk patients.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of death in Latin America.
  • Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a significant contributor to atherosclerotic cardiovascular morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of PAD in Cauca, Colombia.
  • To analyze the distribution of traditional CVD risk factors within this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 10,000 participants aged 40 and above.
  • Diagnosis of PAD was based on an ankle-brachial index (ABI) of ≤0.9 in either leg.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of PAD was 4.4%, with higher rates in females (4.7%) than males (4.0%).
  • Diabetes was the most common risk factor (23%). PAD prevalence was notably high in individuals with a history of myocardial infarction (31.0%) or stroke (8.1%).
  • Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and smoking were significantly associated with PAD. Combined risk factors, particularly hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity, dramatically increased PAD risk.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity are identified as strong predictors of PAD.
  • Routine ABI measurement is recommended for screening intermediate and high-risk individuals for CVD.
  • Early detection and intervention through ABI screening can improve strategies for reducing the burden of CVD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Ankle brachial indexColombiaDiabetesEnfermedad arterial periféricaHipertensiónHypertensionObesidadObesityPeripheral arterial diseaseÍndice tobillo-brazo

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