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Altered gene expression in human placenta after suspected preterm labour.

D Oros1, M Strunk2, P Breton3

  • 1Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragón), Obstetrics Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Zaragoza, Spain; Red de Salud Materno Infantil y del Desarrollo (SAMID), RETICS, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Spain.

Placenta
|June 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Threatened preterm labor triggers placental inflammation and alters angiogenic factors, regardless of delivery timing. These biological changes impact pregnancies irrespective of the gestational age at birth.

Keywords:
AngiogenesisFetal developmentPlacentaSterile inflammationSuspected preterm labour

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Maternal-fetal medicine
  • Genomics and transcriptomics

Background:

  • Suspected preterm labor affects 9% of pregnancies, but most women deliver at term.
  • Distinguishing true preterm labor from false alarms is crucial for appropriate management and fetal development assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gene expression patterns of inflammatory markers and angiogenic factors in placental and umbilical cord blood.
  • To determine if threatened preterm labor induces biological changes independent of gestational age at delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of placental and umbilical cord blood samples from deliveries following threatened preterm labor (preterm and term) and control term deliveries.
  • Quantitative mRNA expression analysis of inflammatory markers (IL6, IFNγ, TNFα) and angiogenic factors (FGF2, PGF, VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFR1).

Main Results:

  • Increased TNFα expression in umbilical cord blood for both preterm and term deliveries after threatened preterm labor.
  • Placental samples showed significantly increased TNFα and IL6, and decreased IFNγ expression in threatened preterm labor groups.
  • Altered expression of angiogenic factors was observed, though not all reached statistical significance.

Conclusions:

  • Threatened preterm labor is associated with placental inflammation, indicated by altered gene expression, irrespective of delivery outcome.
  • Changes in angiogenic factor expression suggest broader biological impacts beyond preterm birth.
  • The findings indicate that the biological mechanisms of threatened preterm labor affect pregnancies independently of the final gestational age at birth.