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Neurogenesis in the aging brain.

Deana M Apple1, Rene Solano-Fonseca1, Erzsebet Kokovay1

  • 1Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States; The Barshop Institute on Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States.

Biochemical Pharmacology
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Adult neurogenesis, the creation of new brain cells, declines with age, impacting cognitive function. This review explores neural stem cell aging and potential therapies for healthy brain aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Adult neurogenesis produces new neurons throughout life in specific brain regions.
  • Neural stem cells (NSCs) and their niches are crucial for brain plasticity and repair.
  • Aging is associated with reduced NSC proliferation and neuron production, contributing to cognitive decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of neural stem cells (NSCs) and their niches in aging.
  • To discuss the functional consequences of NSC aging in the brain.
  • To explore potential interventions for age-related NSC dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on adult neurogenesis and aging.
  • Analysis of age-associated changes in neural stem cells and their microenvironment.
  • Synthesis of current research on interventions targeting NSC aging.

Main Results:

  • Aging leads to remodeling and dysfunction of NSC niches.
  • Reduced NSC activity contributes to age-related cognitive impairment and decreased brain plasticity.
  • Specific interventions show promise in mitigating age-related NSC decline.

Conclusions:

  • Age-associated decline in neurogenesis impacts brain function and repair capacity.
  • Understanding NSC aging is critical for developing strategies to promote healthy brain aging.
  • Emerging interventions offer potential therapeutic avenues for age-related neurological conditions.