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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
288
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

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Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles
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Frailty in elderly: a brief review.

Maturin Tabue-Teguo1, Nadine Simo2, Magali Gonzalez-Colaço Harmand3

  • 1Inserm U1219, Bordeaux, France, Isped, Université de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux, France, Département de gériatrie, Centre Hospitalier Villeneuve-sur-Lot, France.

Geriatrie Et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie Du Vieillissement
|June 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Identifying frail older persons is crucial for public health. This review clarifies the concept of frailty, an extreme vulnerability syndrome in aging, to improve practical application and reduce health risks.

Keywords:
elderlyfrailtypublic health

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Frailty is a significant public health concern, defined as extreme vulnerability to stressors.
  • It increases the risk of adverse health outcomes and represents a transition between aging and disability.
  • Despite conceptual agreement, practical identification of frailty faces challenges due to varied definitions and assessment tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the scientific concept of frailty.
  • To address limitations in the practical translation of the frailty concept.
  • To provide a unified understanding of frailty in scientific literature.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on frailty.
  • Analysis of theoretical and operational definitions of frailty.
  • Synthesis of existing knowledge to clarify the frailty concept.

Main Results:

  • The theoretical construct of frailty is widely accepted.
  • Multiple operational definitions and assessment tools currently exist.
  • Discrepancies in practical application hinder consistent identification.

Conclusions:

  • Clarifying the frailty concept is essential for accurate identification and intervention.
  • Standardizing definitions and tools will improve clinical practice and research.
  • A clearer understanding supports better management of aging-related vulnerabilities.