[SEEDi: Basic strategies for the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease]
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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

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1Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Nanchang University; Department of Cardiology, Affi liated Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China cnhucs@163.com.
Abstract:
ABCDE strategy, mainly based on drugs or medications and the lifestyle modification (named as "main medical strategy"), is popular in the guideline for primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in China and foreign countries. Here, the author recommends a non-invasive and non-pharmacologic "Zhongzi" rule, which includes 4 healthy elements: Sleep, emotion, exercise, and diet (SEED), and also called SEED intervention (SEEDi) strategy. It is the basic strategy for primary and secondary prevention of non-infectious diseases, especially for ASCVD. The strategy of SEEDi could decrease ASCVD morbidity and mortality. If the strategy of SEEDi is conducted positively and widely in the clinical work, it will achieve "three major changes" for ASCVD: From passive to active, from how to treat to how to prevent, and from hospital treatment to home care. It will create a new situation with less costs and better effects in ASCVD prevention and treatment in China. The morbidity and mortality for ASCVD will decrease significantly, and the prognosis and quality of life (QOL) will be improved significantly.
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