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Related Concept Videos

Accelerated Curing of Concrete01:25

Accelerated Curing of Concrete

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Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
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Mass Concreting01:22

Mass Concreting

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Mass concreting refers to the process of placing large volumes of concrete, such as in gravity dams. The heat generated during the cement hydration process and differential cooling rates within the concrete mass can lead to a temperature gradient, which can result in thermal cracks in the concrete mass.
To reduce the risk of such cracking, the concrete mix may incorporate low-heat cement and pozzolans to reduce the temperature rise. Pre-cooled angular aggregates and water-reducing admixtures...
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Strength and Heat of Hydration01:29

Strength and Heat of Hydration

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The hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction in which heat is generated as cement hydrates. This heat of hydration is critical to cement's strength development. The rate at which this heat is generated affects the temperature rise, with a majority of the heat being released early in the hydration process, half within the first three days, and about 75% within the first week.
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Curing Methods01:26

Curing Methods

348
Concrete members with a small surface-to-volume ratio are cured by oiling and moistening the forms before casting the concrete member. These forms can be left in place for a prolonged period to prevent moisture loss, and can be wetted if made of a material suitable for wetting. If the forms are removed early, the concrete member is moistened and covered with polythene sheets to maintain moisture. For large horizontal concrete surfaces exposed to dry weather, a temporary covering is suspended...
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Setting Time of Cement01:12

Setting Time of Cement

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The setting time of cement refers to the process of cement paste transitioning from a plastic state to a solid state. This process is crucial in construction as it dictates the timeframe for concrete placement, compaction, and finishing. The onset of this solidification is termed the initial set, indicating when the paste becomes unworkable. The final set is when the paste has solidified completely, and further handling or manipulation can no longer affect its shape. The cement strength is...
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Intrapulpal temperature changes during curing of different bulk-fill restorative materials.

Elif Yasa1, Cigdem Atalayin2, Gamze Karacolak2

  • 1Private Dentist.

Dental Materials Journal
|June 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Different bulk-fill dental restorative materials cause varying intrapulpal temperature changes. Light-curing bulk-fill materials showed the highest temperature increase, while Equia Forte exhibited the lowest, impacting clinical material selection.

Keywords:
Bulk-fillIntrapulpal temperatureRestorative material

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Restorative Dentistry

Background:

  • Bulk-fill restorative materials offer clinical advantages but their polymerization process can generate heat.
  • Intrapulpal temperature elevation during curing is a critical factor for pulp vitality.
  • Understanding temperature changes is essential for selecting safe and effective dental materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare intrapulpal temperature variations during the curing of various bulk-fill restorative materials.
  • To evaluate the impact of different bulk-fill materials and curing methods on pulp chamber temperature.
  • To identify materials with minimal thermal effects on the dental pulp.

Main Methods:

  • Ten human mandibular molar teeth were prepared to a standardized dentin thickness (0.5 mm).
  • Five bulk-fill restorative materials and one conventional resin composite were tested.
  • A simulated pulpal blood microcirculation device measured intrapulpal temperature changes (Δt) during material curing.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in intrapulpal temperature changes (Δt) were observed among the tested materials (p<0.001).
  • Light-curing bulk-fill restoratives generated the highest Δt values.
  • Equia Forte demonstrated the lowest Δt values compared to all other groups (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • The curing type of bulk-fill restorative materials significantly influences intrapulpal temperature changes.
  • Clinicians must consider the potential thermal effects of different bulk-fill materials on pulp vitality.
  • Material selection should prioritize those minimizing adverse temperature elevations in the pulp chamber.