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Does the weakening of intrinsic foot muscles cause the decrease of medial longitudinal arch height?

Kazunori Okamura1, Shusaku Kanai2, Sadaaki Oki2

  • 1Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Japan.

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PubMed
Summary

Fatigue of intrinsic foot muscles, like the abductor hallucis and flexor hallucis brevis, did not lower the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) height. Other foot structures likely compensate for muscle fatigue, maintaining MLA stability.

Keywords:
FatigueFoot kinematicsIntrinsic foot muscle

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • The medial longitudinal arch (MLA) is crucial for foot function and shock absorption.
  • The role of intrinsic foot muscles in maintaining MLA height, especially during fatigue, remains unclear.
  • Previous research lacks definitive evidence linking intrinsic foot muscle weakness to MLA collapse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of intrinsic foot muscle fatigue on MLA height during static standing and dynamic gait.
  • To determine if fatigue of the abductor hallucis and flexor hallucis brevis muscles leads to a decrease in MLA height.
  • To utilize a 3D motion analysis system for precise kinematic measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty healthy male participants were recruited.
  • Fatigue-inducing exercises targeted the abductor hallucis and flexor hallucis brevis muscles.
  • The Oxford Foot Model was employed to measure foot kinematics before and after fatigue protocols.
  • Measurements were taken during both standing and gait phases.

Main Results:

  • Contrary to hypotheses, MLA height did not decrease after fatigue-inducing exercises; it showed a slight increase in both standing and gait.
  • A significant reduction in the rear foot eversion angle was observed post-fatigue.
  • No evidence of MLA collapse was detected following intrinsic foot muscle fatigue.

Conclusions:

  • Fatigue of the abductor hallucis and flexor hallucis brevis muscles does not induce MLA height reduction or collapse during standing or gait.
  • The intrinsic foot muscles studied may not be the primary stabilizers of the MLA during these activities.
  • MLA support appears to be compensated by other structures, potentially including extrinsic foot muscles, when intrinsic muscles fatigue.