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The Longitudinal Associations Among Temperament, Parenting, and Turkish Children's Prosocial Behaviors

Deborah J Laible1, Asiye Kumru2, Gustavo Carlo3

  • 1Lehigh University.

Child Development
|June 20, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Parenting warmth and inductive reasoning influence Turkish children's prosocial behaviors. Maternal warmth reduced child reactivity, while inductive reasoning promoted sociability, ultimately fostering helping behaviors in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cross-Cultural Psychology

Background:

  • Prosocial behaviors are culturally expected from children in Turkey.
  • Limited research exists on factors influencing prosocial development in young Turkish children.
  • Understanding temperament and parenting's role is crucial for enhancing prosocial behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between temperament and parenting styles and children's prosocial development in a Turkish context.
  • To explore how maternal warmth and inductive reasoning influence children's approach, reactivity, and sociability.
  • To identify pathways through which parenting factors indirectly impact children's helping behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study following 293 Turkish children (mean age 49 months) for 3 years.
  • Mothers completed validated questionnaires assessing child's prosocial behaviors, temperament (approach, reactivity), and parenting (warmth, inductive reasoning).
  • Statistical analyses examined direct and indirect effects of parenting and temperament on prosocial outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Maternal warmth was associated with lower child reactivity.
  • Maternal inductive reasoning predicted higher child sociability.
  • Child reactivity negatively predicted helping behavior, while sociability positively predicted prosocial behavior.
  • Maternal warmth indirectly enhanced helping behavior by reducing child reactivity.

Conclusions:

  • Parenting practices, specifically maternal warmth and inductive reasoning, significantly shape Turkish children's prosocial development.
  • Temperamental factors like reactivity and sociability mediate the effects of parenting on prosocial behaviors.
  • Interventions promoting maternal warmth and inductive reasoning may foster prosociality in young children within Turkish cultural settings.

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