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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathophysiology in obese children and adolescents: update

Silvana Neves Ferraz de Assunção1, Ney Christian Boa Sorte, Crésio Dantas Alves

  • 1Universidade Federal da Bahia. anest.silvana@gmail.com.

Nutricion Hospitalaria
|June 20, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathophysiology is complex and unclear, impacting obese children globally. This review updates current knowledge on NAFLD mechanisms, aiming to improve treatment and outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was identified in 1980 but its pathophysiology remains multifactorial and unclear.
  • NAFLD is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly affecting obese children worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of the pathophysiological mechanisms of NAFLD.
  • To focus on histological, anatomical, and biochemical aspects contributing to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis.

Main Methods:

  • A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane Library databases.
  • Articles published within the last three decades related to NAFLD were included.

Main Results:

  • The review synthesizes current knowledge on NAFLD pathophysiology.
  • It highlights various determinants involved in disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical research and technology have identified several pathophysiological mechanisms of NAFLD.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatments and altering the disease's natural course.
Abstract

Keywords:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Fatty liver. Obesity.

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