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Fibrinogen deficiency in a dog - a case report
Franck Jolivet1, Armelle Diquélou1,2, Catherine Trumel1
1Department of Clinical Sciences, ENVT, University of Toulouse, 31076, Toulouse, France.
BMC Veterinary Research
|June 21, 2017
Summary
Primary hypofibrinogenemia, a rare canine coagulation disorder, can present with varied clinical signs. This case highlights congenital fibrinogen deficiency and its management, emphasizing prompt diagnosis and supportive care for affected dogs.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Hematology
- Canine Coagulation Disorders
- Rare Disease Research
Background:
- Primary fibrinogen deficiency in dogs is exceptionally rare, with only a few documented cases of afibrinogenemia.
- This report details the first case of primary hypofibrinogenemia in a canine patient.
Observation:
- A German Pointer presented with locked-jaw syndrome and eye protrusion post-head trauma.
- Initial diagnostics revealed prolonged coagulation times, significantly decreased fibrinogen levels (0.34 g/L), and ruled out disseminated intravascular coagulation, chronic hemorrhage, and liver failure.
Findings:
- The dog was diagnosed with congenital fibrinogen deficiency, leading to secondary retrobulbar hematoma.
- Symptomatic treatment with corticosteroids and antibiotics resulted in rapid clinical improvement, though hypofibrinogenemia persisted at follow-up (≤ 0.8 g/L).
Implications:
- Canine primary hypofibrinogenemia necessitates inclusion in differential diagnoses for coagulation disorders due to diverse clinical manifestations.
- Accurate diagnosis requires fibrinogen level determination using both coagulometric and non-coagulometric methods to distinguish from dysfibrinogenemia.
- Management focuses on preventing bleeding and trauma, with cryoprecipitate as the preferred emergency treatment for bleeding episodes.
