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In Vivo Investigation of Antimicrobial Blue Light Therapy for Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Burn Infections Using Bioluminescence Imaging
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Systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis in burn patients: systematic review.

G Ramos1, W Cornistein2, G Torres Cerino3

  • 1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Sanatorio Dupuytren, Hospital Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires City, Argentina.

The Journal of Hospital Infection
|June 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis is generally not effective for burn patients, except for those with severe burns requiring mechanical ventilation or undergoing specific skin grafting procedures. This review highlights limited benefits for preventing infections or toxic shock syndrome.

Keywords:
Antimicrobial prophylaxisBacteraemiaBurnBurn wound infectionPneumonia

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Burn Management
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis is a common consideration in burn patient care.
  • Evidence regarding its efficacy in preventing infections and improving outcomes remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review human clinical trials on systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in burn patients.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing infections and improving outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted for human clinical trials.
  • Trials published between 1966 and 2016 comparing prophylactic antibiotics with placebo or no intervention were included.

Main Results:

  • Nineteen trials met the inclusion criteria, assessing early postburn and perioperative prophylaxis.
  • Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis demonstrated no effectiveness in preventing toxic shock syndrome or burn wound infections.
  • Prophylaxis may benefit severe burn patients requiring mechanical ventilation and in selected split-thickness skin graft procedures.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not support routine systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for most burn patients.
  • Specific patient populations, including those with severe burns needing mechanical ventilation and undergoing certain grafting procedures, may benefit.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in extensive burn cases.