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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Treatment of Ligament Constructs with Exercise-conditioned Serum: A Translational Tissue Engineering Model
Published on: June 11, 2017
The effect of estrogen on tendon and ligament metabolism and function
D R Leblanc1, M Schneider2, P Angele2
1Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.
Abstract:
Tendons and ligaments are crucial structures inside the musculoskeletal system. Still many issues in the treatment of tendon diseases and injuries have yet not been resolved sufficiently. In particular, the role of estrogen-like compound (ELC) in tendon biology has received until now little attention in modern research, despite ELC being a well-studied and important factor in the physiology of other parts of the musculoskeletal system. In this review we attempt to summarize the available information on this topic and to determine many open questions in this field.
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