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What have we learned on aging from omics studies?

Alessandro Cellerino1, Alessandro Ori2

  • 1Laboratory of Biology (BIO@SNS), Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy; Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging is complex, with many genes regulated. Protein biosynthesis pathway deregulation appears to be an early driver of aging, according to new research combining transcriptomics and proteomics.

Keywords:
AgingData integrationGenomicsKillifishLysosomeMitochondriaNothobranchius furzeriPathwaysProteasomeProtein complexProteomicsProteostasisRNAseqRibosomeStoichiometryTranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Molecular Biology
  • Genomics and Proteomics

Background:

  • Aging is a complex biological process involving numerous genetic and pathway regulations.
  • Previous transcriptomic studies identified age-regulated genes but faced challenges in reproducibility and establishing causality.
  • Disentangling cause-consequence relationships in aging research remains difficult due to multifactorial pathway involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review consistent findings in aging research.
  • To integrate insights from longitudinal studies and multi-omics approaches (transcriptomics and proteomics).
  • To identify early events and potential drivers of the aging process.

Main Methods:

  • Review of transcriptomic studies over the last decade.
  • Analysis of recent longitudinal aging studies.
  • Integration of transcriptomics and proteomics data.

Main Results:

  • Consistent findings across multiple species and organs highlight regulated genes and pathways during aging.
  • Deregulation of protein biosynthetic pathways identified as an early event in aging.
  • Combined transcriptomics and proteomics data suggest protein biosynthesis issues as a likely driver of aging.

Conclusions:

  • Protein biosynthesis pathway deregulation is a key, early event in aging.
  • Multi-omics approaches are crucial for understanding aging mechanisms.
  • Further research can leverage these findings to explore interventions targeting protein synthesis in aging.