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The patellofemoral joint: from dysplasia to dislocation

Stefano Zaffagnini1,2, Alberto Grassi1,2, Gianluca Zocco3

  • 1Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Dipartimento Rizzoli Sicilia, Bagheria (PA), Italy.

EFORT Open Reviews
|June 21, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Patellofemoral dysplasia, a key cause of knee instability, has an unclear origin and complex biomechanics. Personalized treatment is crucial due to the lack of universal guidelines for managing this challenging condition.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Patellofemoral dysplasia is a significant risk factor for patellofemoral joint instability.
  • The etiology of patellofemoral dysplasia remains controversial, with debates on genetic versus developmental causes.
  • Understanding biomechanical effects and risk factors is crucial for managing recurrent patellar dislocations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively evaluate radiographic, MRI, and CT parameters for assessing patellofemoral dysplasia.
  • To guide clinicians in managing primary and recurrent patellar dislocations.
  • To address the complex biomechanical behavior and controversial etiology of patellofemoral dysplasia.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive evaluation of radiographic, MRI, and CT parameters.
  • Analysis of anatomical and demographic risk factors for recurrent dislocations.
  • Review of biomechanical effects on patellar stability and surgical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Patellofemoral dysplasia significantly predisposes individuals to patellofemoral joint instability.
  • Current understanding lacks consensus on etiology and universally accepted treatment guidelines.
  • Personalized treatment approaches are necessary due to individual anatomical variations.

Conclusions:

  • Patellofemoral dysplasia is a complex and challenging condition with an uncertain etiology.
  • A thorough assessment using advanced imaging is vital for patient management.
  • Tailored treatment strategies are essential for addressing the specific anatomical abnormalities causing symptoms.

Keywords:
dislocationdysplasiainstabilitykneeluxationpatella

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