Treatment of hindfoot and ankle pathologies with posterior arthroscopic techniques

The two-portal hindfoot arthroscopy is an effective procedure enabling direct visualisation of posterior ankle pathology with low invasiveness.An important stage of the hindfoot endoscopy is localisation of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon to protect the neurovascular bundle which is located just medial to it.Posterior ankle impingement syndrome and FHL tenosynovitis are common causes of posterior ankle pain and frequently occur together.Posteriorly localised talar osteochondral lesions, Achilles tendon disorders, osteoarthritis, talar bone cysts and talar fractures are among the other pathologies that can be treated with hindfoot arthroscopy. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160055. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org.