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Smoking as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis
Sensen Su1, Wanning Wang1, Tao Sun1
1Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin Province, China.
International Urology and Nephrology
|June 21, 2017
Summary
Smoking significantly increases the risk of developing diabetic nephropathy in diabetic patients. This systematic review confirms smoking as a major risk factor for this serious kidney complication.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Diabetology
- Public Health
Background:
- Previous research shows inconsistent findings on the link between smoking and diabetic nephropathy.
- A systematic analysis is needed to clarify the impact of smoking on diabetic nephropathy development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically analyze the association between smoking and diabetic nephropathy.
- To quantify the risk of diabetic nephropathy in smokers using meta-analysis.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search of PubMed and EMBASE databases up to March 2016.
- Inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied to select eligible English-language studies.
- Random-effect model meta-analysis was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR).
Main Results:
- Twenty-one studies were included in the pooled analysis.
- Smoking was associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetic nephropathy (OR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.48-1.95).
- No significant demographic differences were observed between groups; heterogeneity was addressed through sensitivity analysis.
Conclusions:
- Smoking is confirmed as a significant risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in individuals with diabetes.
- These findings highlight the importance of smoking cessation for preventing diabetic kidney disease.
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