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Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase acts as a host restriction factor on pseudorabies virus replication
Jiang Wang1, Lei Zeng1, Li Zhang2
1College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan Province, PR China.
The Journal of General Virology
|June 21, 2017
Summary
Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) restricts pseudorabies virus (PRV) replication in pigs. This enzyme and its product, 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), inhibit PRV attachment and entry, offering a new target for antiviral strategies.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) converts cholesterol to 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC).
- Pseudorabies virus (PRV) causes significant economic losses in swine globally.
- Understanding host-pathogen interactions is crucial for developing antiviral strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the antiviral activity of CH25H against PRV.
- To elucidate the mechanism by which CH25H affects PRV replication.
- To determine if CH25H acts as a host restriction factor against PRV.
Main Methods:
- Porcine alveolar macrophages (3D4/21 cells) were used to study CH25H expression and PRV infection.
- CH25H expression was modulated using overexpression and silencing techniques.
- PRV replication, attachment, and entry were assessed in the presence of CH25H and 25HC.
Main Results:
- Porcine CH25H expression was induced by interferon and PRV infection.
- Overexpression of CH25H attenuated PRV infection, while silencing enhanced it.
- 25HC treatment inhibited PRV growth in vitro by affecting viral attachment and entry.
Conclusions:
- CH25H is an intrinsic host restriction factor against PRV infection in porcine macrophages.
- CH25H restricts PRV replication through the production of 25HC.
- CH25H and 25HC represent potential targets for controlling PRV outbreaks.
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