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E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
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Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
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Base-rate sensitivity through implicit learning.

Andrew J Wismer1, Corey J Bohil1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America.

Plos One
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implicit learning, not explicit, drives base-rate sensitivity from experience. Response training enhanced this sensitivity, showing implicit processes are key for learning category ratios.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Learning and Memory

Background:

  • Base-rate sensitivity involves using prior probabilities to inform judgments.
  • Understanding the learning mechanisms behind base-rate sensitivity is crucial for cognitive theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct roles of implicit and explicit learning in developing base-rate sensitivity.
  • To test the hypothesis that implicit learning is the primary driver of base-rate sensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments employed a factorial design manipulating implicit and explicit learning.
  • Participants underwent observational or response training with varying feedback delays and working memory tasks.

Main Results:

  • Response training significantly increased decision criterion values, indicating enhanced base-rate sensitivity.
  • Disrupting explicit processing did not impair learning when implicit learning was supported.

Conclusions:

  • Base-rate sensitivity acquired through experience relies predominantly on implicit learning mechanisms.
  • Findings support separate learning systems accounts in categorization and decision-making.