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Sauna Bathing and Incident Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study
Francesco Zaccardi1, Tanjaniina Laukkanen2, Peter Willeit3,4
1Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Regular sauna bathing significantly lowers the risk of developing hypertension. Frequent sauna use, especially 4-7 times weekly, is linked to a reduced incidence of high blood pressure.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Epidemiology
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Sauna bathing is linked to reduced cardiovascular risk, but the exact mechanisms are unclear.
- Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between sauna bathing frequency and the risk of developing new-onset hypertension.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study of 1,621 Finnish men aged 42-60 without hypertension.
- Sauna bathing frequency assessed via questionnaires.
- Hypertension incidence defined by diagnosis, blood pressure readings, or medication use.
Main Results:
- Over 24.7 years, 251 cases of incident hypertension were recorded.
- Compared to 1 sauna session/week, 4-7 sessions/week was associated with a 47% lower risk of hypertension (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.28-0.98).
- Increased sauna frequency showed a dose-response relationship with reduced hypertension risk.
Conclusions:
- Frequent sauna bathing is associated with a lower risk of incident hypertension.
- This association may contribute to the observed cardiovascular benefits of sauna use.
- Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore underlying mechanisms.
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